The Tree of World Languages
Branch thickness reflects native speakers · one trunk, many unrelated families
Poster version →
SINO-TIBETAN
SINITIC
Mandarin
Yue (Cantonese)
Wu (Shanghainese)
Min
Hakka
Xiang
Gan
TIBETO-BURMAN
Burmese
Tibetan
Karen
Yi (Nuosu)
Meitei
Newar
KRA-DAI
TAI
Thai
Isan
Zhuang
Lao
Shan
AUSTROASIATIC
MON-KHMER
Vietnamese
Khmer
Khasi
Mon
MUNDA
Santali
Mundari
JAPONIC
Japanese
Ryukyuan
KOREANIC
Korean
Jeju
AUSTRONESIAN
MALAYO-POLYNESIAN
Javanese
Malay–Indonesian
Sundanese
Tagalog
Malagasy
Cebuano
Madurese
Ilocano
Hiligaynon
Minangkabau
Balinese
Acehnese
OCEANIC
Fijian
Samoan
Tongan
Tahitian
Māori
Hawaiian
Amis
DRAVIDIAN
Telugu
Tamil
Kannada
Malayalam
Gondi
Brahui
Tulu
INDO-EUROPEAN
INDO-ARYAN
Hindi
Bengali
Punjabi
Marathi
Urdu
Gujarati
Bhojpuri
Odia
Maithili
Sindhi
Nepali
Sinhala
Assamese
Romani
Sanskrit †
IRANIAN
Persian
Pashto
Kurdish
Balochi
Tajik
Ossetian
SLAVIC
Russian
Polish
Ukrainian
Serbo-Croatian
Czech
Bulgarian
Slovak
Belarusian
Slovene
Macedonian
ROMANCE
Spanish
Portuguese
French
Italian
Romanian
Sicilian
Catalan
Venetian
Galician
Sardinian
Occitan
Latin †
GERMANIC
English
German
Dutch
Swedish
Afrikaans
Danish
Norwegian
Yiddish
Frisian
Icelandic
Faroese
Gothic †
Greek
CELTIC
Welsh
Breton
Irish
Scottish Gaelic
Cornish
BALTIC
Lithuanian
Latvian
Albanian
Armenian
TURKIC
Turkish
Uzbek
Azerbaijani
Kazakh
Uyghur
Turkmen
Tatar
Kyrgyz
Bashkir
Chuvash
Yakut (Sakha)
MONGOLIC
Mongolian
Buryat
Kalmyk
URALIC
FINNIC
Finnish
Estonian
Karelian
Veps
UGRIC
Hungarian
Khanty
Mansi
Sami
Erzya
Nenets
KARTVELIAN
Georgian
Mingrelian
Svan
AFRO-ASIATIC
SEMITIC
Arabic
Amharic
Tigrinya
Hebrew
Aramaic
Maltese
CUSHITIC
Oromo
Somali
Afar
Hausa
BERBER
Tashelhit
Kabyle
Tamazight
Tuareg
Coptic †
NIGER-CONGO
BANTU
Swahili
Kinyarwanda
Chichewa
Zulu
Shona
Xhosa
Sesotho
Luganda
Lingala
VOLTA-NIGER
Yoruba
Igbo
Ewe
Fon
ATLANTIC
Fula
Wolof
Akan
Mooré
Bambara
OTHER FAMILIES & ISOLATES
NILO-SAHARAN
Kanuri
Luo
Songhay
Dinka
Quechua
Guarani
Aymara
Nahuatl
MAYAN
K'iche'
Yucatec Maya
Navajo
ESKIMO-ALEUT
Greenlandic
Inuktitut
Warlpiri
ISOLATES
Basque
Burushaski
Ainu
+
−
⌂
Legend & families
hide
Branch thickness ∝ native speakers.
Scroll to zoom, drag to pan, click any name for details.
† — extinct or revived language.
The shared trunk is artistic licence: these families are not known to be related.
Sino-Tibetan
1338 M · 13
Kra-Dai
81 M · 5
Austroasiatic
113 M · 6
Japonic
124 M · 2
Koreanic
81 M · 2
Austronesian
305 M · 19
Dravidian
250 M · 7
Indo-European
3005 M · 65
Turkic
187 M · 11
Mongolic
6.1 M · 3
Uralic
19.5 M · 10
Kartvelian
4.1 M · 3
Afro-Asiatic
580 M · 15
Niger-Congo
258 M · 18
Other families & isolates
36.7 M · 17